Muhammad Ali Jinnah (December 25, 1876 – September 11, 1948), a 20th century politician and statesman, is regarded as the founder of Pakistan. He served as leader of The Muslim League and Pakistan's first Governor-General. He is officially known in Pakistan as Quaid-i-Azam ("Great Leader") and Baba-e-Qaum ("Father of the Nation"). His birthday is a national holiday in Pakistan. Jinnah rose to prominence in the Indian National Congress initially expounding ideas of Hindu-Muslim unity and helping shape the 1916 Lucknow Pact between the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress; he also became a key leader in the All India Home Rule League. He proposed a fourteen-point constitutional reform plan to safeguard the political rights of Muslims in a self-governing India.
Jinnah, advocating the Two-Nation Theory, embraced the goal of creating a separate state for Muslims as per the Lahore Resolution. The League won most reserved Muslim seats in the elections of 1946. After the British and Congress backed out of the Cabinet Mission Plan Jinnah called for a Direct Action Day to achieve the formation of Pakistan. The direct action by the Muslim League and its Volunteer Corps, resulted in massive rioting in Calcutta between Muslims and Hindus/Sikhs. As the Indian National Congress and Muslim League failed to reach a power sharing formula for united India, it prompted both the parties and the British to agree to independence of Pakistan and India. As the first Governor-General of Pakistan, Jinnah led efforts to rehabilitate millions of refugees, and to frame national policies on foreign affairs, security and economic development. He died a year after Pakistan's formation in September 1948.
A Classic Image of Brother (Ali Jinnah) and Sister (Fatima)
A rare snapshot of Quaid's uninhibited laughter
As a young magistrate in Bombay
Jinnah with Liaquat Ali, Z A Suleri, Altaf Hussain and K H Khurshid, outside a London mosque in 1946.
Jinnah and Miss Jinnah with Fatima Begum, Geti Ara and Begum G A Khan
Jinnah Founder with A K Fazlul Haq
Jinnah with Muslim ladies in Hyderabad Deccan, 1938
Jinnah at PAF Risalpur
Muhammed Ali Jinnah with Mahatma Gandhi
Muhammed Ali Jinnah with Mahatma Gandhi
Mr Jinnah with Field Marshal Auchinleck and Admiral Jefford
Mr Jinnah with the Muslim League Women's Guard
Mr Jinnah's first and last birthday in Pakistan - 25 December 1947
Nawab Mamdot welcoming the Founder, Lahore March 1940
Portrait by Shaikh Ahmed - the only painter for whom Jinnah sat
Quaid visiting PAF base Risalpur1 1947
Quaid visiting PAF base Risalpur1 1947
Quaid with Ayub Khan
Quaid-e-Azam with Dr Annie Bezant
Subhas Chandra Bose with Mr Jinnah
Younger Mr Jinnah & Fatima with friends in Bombay
The Founder addresses the Muslim League Session, Allahabad 1942
The Founder listening to Law Minister Joginder Nath Mandal
The Founder relaxing in Kashmir
The Founder with Maulana Zafar Ali Khan in Badshahi Mosque
The Founder with the Khan of Kalat
Jinnah's First Arrival to Pakistan
Addressing as first Governor General of Pakistan
Mount Betan and Quaid Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Jinnah, advocating the Two-Nation Theory, embraced the goal of creating a separate state for Muslims as per the Lahore Resolution. The League won most reserved Muslim seats in the elections of 1946. After the British and Congress backed out of the Cabinet Mission Plan Jinnah called for a Direct Action Day to achieve the formation of Pakistan. The direct action by the Muslim League and its Volunteer Corps, resulted in massive rioting in Calcutta between Muslims and Hindus/Sikhs. As the Indian National Congress and Muslim League failed to reach a power sharing formula for united India, it prompted both the parties and the British to agree to independence of Pakistan and India. As the first Governor-General of Pakistan, Jinnah led efforts to rehabilitate millions of refugees, and to frame national policies on foreign affairs, security and economic development. He died a year after Pakistan's formation in September 1948.
A Classic Image of Brother (Ali Jinnah) and Sister (Fatima)
A rare snapshot of Quaid's uninhibited laughter
As a young magistrate in Bombay
Jinnah with Liaquat Ali, Z A Suleri, Altaf Hussain and K H Khurshid, outside a London mosque in 1946.
Jinnah and Miss Jinnah with Fatima Begum, Geti Ara and Begum G A Khan
Jinnah Founder with A K Fazlul Haq
Jinnah with Muslim ladies in Hyderabad Deccan, 1938
Jinnah at PAF Risalpur
Muhammed Ali Jinnah with Mahatma Gandhi
Muhammed Ali Jinnah with Mahatma Gandhi
Mr Jinnah with Field Marshal Auchinleck and Admiral Jefford
Mr Jinnah with the Muslim League Women's Guard
Mr Jinnah's first and last birthday in Pakistan - 25 December 1947
Nawab Mamdot welcoming the Founder, Lahore March 1940
Portrait by Shaikh Ahmed - the only painter for whom Jinnah sat
Quaid visiting PAF base Risalpur1 1947
Quaid visiting PAF base Risalpur1 1947
Quaid with Ayub Khan
Quaid-e-Azam with Dr Annie Bezant
Subhas Chandra Bose with Mr Jinnah
Younger Mr Jinnah & Fatima with friends in Bombay
The Founder addresses the Muslim League Session, Allahabad 1942
The Founder listening to Law Minister Joginder Nath Mandal
The Founder relaxing in Kashmir
The Founder with Maulana Zafar Ali Khan in Badshahi Mosque
The Founder with the Khan of Kalat
Jinnah's First Arrival to Pakistan
Addressing as first Governor General of Pakistan
Mount Betan and Quaid Muhammad Ali Jinnah
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